Nut-locking washer.



w. P. & s, G. THOMSON. NUT LOOKING WASHER.

, APPLICATION FILED IEB.17, 1911.

' Patented Feb. 1912.

W. P. & S. G. THOMSON.

NUT LOOKING WASHER.

APPLICATION FILED PBB.17, 1911.

Patented Feb.'6,1 912.

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NUT LOOKING WASHER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17, 1911.

Patented Feb.'6,1912.

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UNITED STATES PATEN orrron WILLIAM P. THOMSON AND sAivIuEL a. irnomsou,or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIGNons 'ro THOMSON-THOMSON coM ANY, orPHILADELPHIA, PnNNsYLvAmA,

A PARTNERSHIP.

NUT-LOCKING- WASHER.

Patented 1a.... 6, 1912.

Application filed- February 17, 1911. Serial No. 609,232.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'we, WILLIAM P. -THOM- son and SAMUEL G. THO SON, bothresidents of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement, in Nut-LockingWashers, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of, thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section showing one formof our invention as applied to the splice bar of a 'rail joint; Fig.- 2.is a plan view. of the same; and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of thewasher; Fig. 3 is a ,plan view of a rectangular washer of modified form;Fig. 3 is a side view showing the same applied between the nut' andbearing surface; and Fig. 3 is an end view of the washer; Figs. 4, 4 and4" are, respectively, plan side and edge views of'another form ofwasher. 'Figs.. 5, 5" and 5 are similar views of another form; Fig. 6 isa plan view, Fig. 6 an edge view; and Fig. 6" a section on the lineVI-VI of Fig. 6, show- 7,7' and 7 are ing another form; Figs. V I viewsrespectively simi ar to Figs. 6, 6 and 6 of still another form; Fig. 8.is a plan view of another form; Fig. 8 aside view of the same applied toa bearing surface; and Fig. 8 is a-section of the was line :v-m of Fig.8. Figs. 9,-9" and 9"'are views similar respectively to Figs. 8, 8 and 8of still another form; Figs. 10, 10 and 10 are views similarrespectively to Figs.

9, 9 and 9 of still another form; Fig. 11

is a plan iew of another form; Fig. 11 a side view showing the sameaipplied; and Fig. 11; an end v ew thereof;

igs. 12 and 12 are views, similar to Figs. 11 and 11,

respectively, showin still another form and Fig-12? is a section on theline H o Fig. 12; Figs. 13, 13 and.13 are views similar to Figs. 12, 12and 12 showing another modification; Figs. 14, 14" and 14 Figs. 15,15and 15'; and Figs. 16, 16 and 16 show plan, side and end views,respectively, three other forms; Figs. 17, 17 and 17"; Fi 18, 18" and18"; Figs. 19, 19 and 19"; an Figs. 20,20 and 20 show in plan,

- side elevation and section four other forms of the washer, Figs. 17.,18", 19 and 20K er on the being sections on the lines a:w of Figs. 17 to20, respectively.

In our Patent No. 968,500 of August 23, 1910, for rail joint, we havedescribed and claimed the use in connection with the joint bolts, ,of abridge plate forming a bearing for the joint bolt nuts or heads, andwhich serves to transmit the bolting strains around the web of thesplice bar toits head and foot portions. Our present invention has beenmore particularly designed to provide a plate ada ted for use in a jointof this character an for this purpose, with the further object ofconstructing said plate to act as a locking washer for the bolt nuts.Our invention is not, however, limited to a plate or washer forthis use,but also provides a nut-locking washer which is capable of general use.

It is well known that a bent washer afout resorting to the use of'teethor cutting edges or the use of portions of the washer to engage thewrench-gripping faces of the nut. Our invention is designed, to.provide. an improved washer of this character,'in which more'eflicientresults may be obtained with the expenditure of an equal amount of orless metal.

We have also designed to simplify the manufacture and to rovide meansfor reinforcingthe bridge p ate 'or spring washer in such a way as tomake it practicable to use a much thinner plate with a much" greaterresistance than has heretofore been possible in the use-0f bent washersof this general type. f

In the accompan in drawings, we have shown ayarietyo di erentmodifications, of which our invention is susceptible, but it will beunderstood that these are illustrative only, and that the broaderfeatures of the invention, as set forth in the a pended claims, may befurther modified, wit out departing from the spirit and scope of ourinvention, as defined in said claims.

Figs 1, 2, 2, the plate or washer 2 is of rectangular form bent withrespect to a central vertical axis to give it a concave inner face tobear against the splice bar 3, and the convex nut-bearing outer face.

4 designates the nut.

The plate is reinforced on its inner face by the top and bottom ribs 5,having the bevel surfaces 6, to bear against the inclined outer faces ofthe head and foot portions of the splice bar.

Figs. 3, 3 and 3" show a plate or washer 7, of rectangular form, havinga horizontal axis of curvature and a concave Splice bar bearing surfaceand a convex nut-bearing surface, and provided with vertical reinforcing ribs or corrugations 8, preferably pressed or stamped therein andrunning entirely across the concave face. i

The plate or washer 9 of Figs. 4, 4 and 4" is of circular form also bentalong a horizontal axis of curvature to give concave and convex faces,and having the reinforcing ribs or corrugations extending verticallyacross the concave face.

In Figs..5, 5" and 5", the plate or washer 11 is of rectangular formwith concave and convex faces, with corrugations or truss-likedepressions l2,'running vertically part way across its faces, thesecorrugations or depressions being at right angles to the axis ofcurvature;

In Figs. 6, 6" and 6", the plate or washer 13 is also rectangular inform with its end portions bent inwardly in the direction of the concaveface, as shown at 14, to form reinforcements running at right angles tothe axis of curvature.

In Figs. 7, 7 and 7", the'pla'te or washer '15 is of elliptical formwith its ends bent inwardly, as shown at 16, to,provide trusslikereinforcements extending at right angles to the axis of curvature.

Figs. 8, 8*- and 8" show a plate or washer 17 of circular form with aplurality of re inforcing corrugations 18, each running part way acrossthe curved face a'nd'in a general tangential direction. This plate isbent to have a generally spherical curvature.

In the form shown in .Figs. 9, 9" and 9", the plate or washer 19 is ofrectangular form with reinforcing corrugations 20, running verticallyacross the horizontally cambered portion of the plate, which spanstheweb of the splice bar, as'shown in Fig. 9".

Figs. 10, '10 and 10" show the plate or washer 21 as of rectangular formand it is not only bent along a horizontal axis of curvature intoconcavo-convex form to afford spring resistance to the nut, but; alsohas its edge portions 22 bent inwardly to give yielding bearings on thehead and foot "portions-ofgthesphce bar, and thus greatly late. I Theare a So bent inwardly, as shown at 23, to resist the straight ening-outtendency of the horiz'ontally cambered portions of the plate.

Figs. 11, 11 and 11" show a rectangular plate or washer 24, bent along ahorizontal axis of curvature, and having a plurality of verticallyextending corrugations 25.

Figs- 12, 12" and 12" show another form of rectangular-plate or washer26, bent along a horizontal axis of curvature and having truss-likedepressed portions or corrugations 27, running vertically part wayacross the concave face.

In the form shown in Figs. 13, 13" and 13", the rectangular plate 28 isbent along a horizontal axis of curvature and has portions of itsvertical edges turned inwardly, as shown at 29, to form trussreinforcements. In the form shown in these three figures, as well as inthe form shown in Figs. 12, 12 and 12", the plates or washers are placedwith their concave faces toward the nuts, and the upper and lower edgeportions of the plate are beveled on the reverse side, as shown at 30,for bearing against the beveled seating faces of the splice bars 3".

In the form shown in Figs. 14, 14" and 14", the plate 31 is bent withrespect to a central vertical axis and has transverse reinforcingcorrugations 32, running entirely across the concave face.

The form shown in Figs. 15, 15 and 15" is similar to that of the lastthree figures, except that the reinforcements 33 run only partiallyacross the plate 34, and are shown as of a form which is widest at thecenter and tapering toward its ends.

The plate 35, shown in Figs. 16, 16" and 16", is a cambered plate bentwith respect to a central vertical axis, with its top and bottom edgesbent inwardly, as shown at 36, to form the reinforcements.

Figs. 17, 17 and 17" show a plate or washer 37, bent along a verticalaxis of curvature and of oblong form with its horizontal top and bottomedges 38 bent inwardly to form reinforcin bearings when applied to theouter face 0 a splice bar, as

shown in Fig. 17.

Figs. 18, 18" and 18" show a generally rectangular plate or washer 39,bent along a horizontal axis ofcurvature and having verticalreinforcingcorrugations 40, run ningentirely across the concave face, the washerbeing shown in Fig. 18" as applied with its concave face toward the nut.

In Figs. 19, 19" and 19", the plate 41 is of rectangular form, bent withrespect to a central horizontal axis, and having its vertical edges bentoutwardly, as shown at 42, to form reinforcements which run nearl allthe way across its concave face, and w ich greatly increase theresistance of the plate being flattened out.

43, which is bent alon a vertical axis of curvature and is provi ed witha plurality of horizontally extending corrugations '44. While in certainof the figures, we have shown the plates and washers as applied with theconvex face toward the nut and in others we have shownvthe convex faceto-- ward the splice bar, it is immaterial in the use of the washerswhether they be convexly or concavelyformed with reference to either oneof" the" particular bearing faces. It will also be understood thattheprinciple of our invention will be present even when the bending isof angular form, so that a curved confo'rmationis approximated.

In all the forms shown, the plate or washer is one which has one convexface .and one concave face with a reinforcement or reinforcements whichgreatly increase'its resistance to flattening pressure and enables theuse of relatively thin metal for a given resistance. i As before stated,while we have illustrated and described the invention more par ticularlywith-reference to'its use in connection with splice bars, it is to beunderstood that the invention is equally adapted for use n connectionwith any type of boltclamped material.

e claim: 1 1. A spring washer having a curved face and a rib or flangeextending across said face to partially resist said washer fromflattening out when it is clamped into a tightened position,substantially as de-- scribed. v

2., A s ring washer having a curved face and a ri or corru ation acrosssaid face at an angle to the-axis of said curvature, substantially asdescribed.

3.. A spring washer having. an upright convex bearing face for a nut,said washer being bent along vertical axes and having a horizontallyextendin stiffening rib, substantially as describexi 4 4. In a railjoint, a splice bar, a clamping bolt and nut, and a spring washer whichis bent so that in its untightened position, it-has a portion of itsinner face standing free from a portion .of the outer face of saidsplice bar, said washer being traversed by an integral reinforcementdisposed at an angle to the axis of curvature and acting to increase thetensile resistance of the -washer to compression, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands. v

WILLIAM P. THOMSON. SAMUEL G. THOMSON. Witnesses: I MoLnon THOMSON,

Momus L. KOLB.

